"Organic solar cell materials and active layer designs—improvements with carbon nanotubes: a review". B. Ratier, J. -M. Nunzi, M. Aldissi, T. M. Kraft, E. Buncel. POLYMER INTERNATIONAL 61, 342 (2012). DOI: 10.1002/pi.3233
Organic solar cells offer an opportunity to diversify renewable energy
sources owing to their low technological cost. They are amenable to
large surfaces and can easily be integrated into buildings. It is
necessary, however, to improve their energy efficiency and durability
for the development of a sustainable technology. In these devices,
photovoltaic conversion is based on the separation of photogenerated
charges at an interface between electron donor and acceptor materials,
which imposes some constraints on the photoactive layer of the cells. In
this paper, which includes some of our studies, we address optimization
of the active layer: absorption and exciton dissociation steps, the
open-circuit voltage and the active layer morphology. A promising
direction proposed to improve the active layer morphology and cell
efficiency is the incorporation of highly anisotropic nanoparticles such
as carbon nanotubes, which may facilitate charge transport to the
electrodes. Dispersion and orientation of the nanotubes in the organic
matrix are discussed and we suggest an ideal model polymer solar cell
which will maximize performance of the cells by using carbon nanotubes
in the active layer.
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